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Appendix C - Tables

Table C-1 Technical maturity definitions by industry

Industry Measurement units Minimum size unit defining “commercial-scale”1 Upper bound of commercial size unit2 Per cent of minimum commercial-scale Size or larger Project scale
Electric power – biomass MWe, net 80 950 100% ≤ Scale 80 ≤ Scale Commercial
10% ≤ Scale < 100% 8.0 ≤ Scale < 80 Demonstration
5% ≤ Scale < 10% 4.0 ≤ Scale < 8.0 Pilot
Scale < 5% Scale < 4.0 Bench
Electric power – coal MWe, net 5003 100% ≤ Scale 500 ≤ Scale Commercial
10% ≤ Scale < 100% 50 ≤ Scale < 500 Demonstration
5% ≤ Scale < 10% 25 ≤ Scale < 50 Pilot
Scale < 5% Scale < 25 Bench
Electric power – gas MWe, net 4003 100% ≤ Scale 400 ≤ Scale Commercial
10% ≤ Scale < 100% 40 ≤ Scale < 400 Demonstration
5% ≤ Scale < 10% 20 ≤ Scale < 40 Pilot
Scale < 5% Scale < 20 Bench
Aluminium industry Metric tonnes/year 50,000 900,000 100% ≤ Scale 50,000 ≤ Scale Commercial
10% ≤ Scale < 100% 5,000 ≤ Scale < 50,000 Demonstration
5% ≤ Scale < 10% 2,500 ≤ Scale < 5,000 Pilot
Scale < 5% Scale < 2,500 Bench
Cement industry Metric tonnes/year 150,000 3,100,000 100% ≤ Scale 150,000 ≤ Scale Commercial
10% ≤ Scale < 100% 15,000 ≤ Scale < 150,000 Demonstration
5% ≤ Scale < 10% 7,500 ≤ Scale < 15,000 Pilot
Scale < 5% Scale < 7,500 Bench
Petro-chemicals Barrels per Stream Day (BPSD) 100,000 400,000 100% ≤ Scale 100,000 ≤ Scale Commercial
10% ≤ Scale < 100% 10,000 ≤ Scale < 100,000 Demonstration
5% ≤ Scale < 10% 5,000 ≤ Scale < 10,000 Pilot
Scale < 5% Scale < 5,000 Bench
Iron and steel Metric tonnes/year 100,000 15,000,000 100% ≤ Scale 100,000 ≤ Scale Commercial
10% ≤ Scale < 100% 10,000 ≤ Scale < 100,000 Demonstration
5% ≤ Scale < 10% 5,000 ≤ Scale < 10,000 Pilot
Scale < 5% Scale < 5,000 Bench
CO2 transport and storage Metric tonnes/year 1,000,000 – 100% ≤ Scale 1,000,000 ≤ Scale Commercial
2.5% ≤ Scale < 100% 25,000 ≤ Scale < 1,000,000 Demonstration
Scale < 2.5% Scale < 25,000 Pilot
na na Bench

 

1 no more than 5% of commercial units smaller

2 no more than 5% of commercial units larger

3 as per plant size assumptions for “small commercial” in IEA CCS Roadmap

 

Table C-2 LSIPs by asset lifecycle stage

LSIP NO. 2010 Project name State/district, country Capture facility Capture type Transport type Storage type 1. Largescale 2. Full integration 3. Projects operation schedule 4. Storage site and transport definition 5. Measurement, monitoring and verification (MMV) 6. Public engagement strategies 7. Established public/private sector support Project notes
Identify
1 Chemical Plant, Yulin Shanxi Province, China Coal-to-liquids plant Pre-combustion Pipeline Various onshore storage options being considered 5-10Mtpa Integrated By 2020 Very little definition Intended Yes Insufficient information provided Same asset lifecycle stage in 2009
2 CO2 Global Project Viking New Mexico, United States 150MWe oxyfuel combustion using synthetic fuel oil Oxyfuel combustion 48.3km pipeline Onshore EOR 1.2Mtpa Integrated with dependency on partners 2014 Yes Limited MMV (EOR) Intended No Identified as new project in 2010
3 Coolimba Power Project Western Australia, Australia 2x200MW or 3x150MW coal-fired CFB power plant Post-combustion 20-80km pipeline Onshore depleted oil and gas reservoirs 2Mtpa Integrated 2015 Limited definition Intended Yes No Was in Evaluate in 2009, reassessed to Identify in 2010
4 FutureGen 2.0 Illinois, United States 200MW coal-fired oxyfuel combustion plant Oxyfuel combustion Pipeline Various onshore storage options being considered 1Mtpa Integrated By 2020 Very little definition Intended Intended Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage dentified as a new project in 2010 originating from the cancelled FutureGen Project
5 Good Spring IGCC Pennsylvania, United States 270MW coal-fired IGCC power plant Pre-combustion Pipeline Onshore EOR and deep saline formations 1Mtpa Integrated, with agreements still being pursued 2015 Limited definition Insufficient information provided Intended No Identified as a new project in 2010
6 Immingham Carbon Capture and Storage Project Lincolnshire, England, United Kingdom 800-1,200MW multi-fuel IGCC power plant at oil refinery Pre-combustion 300km pipeline Offshore geological 4-7Mtpa Integrated with dependency on partners By 2020 Very little definition Intended Intended Insufficient information provided Evolved to be included in 2010 LSIP list as not enough information on status and asset lifecycle stage was known in 2009
7 Kedzierzyn Polygeneration Power Plant Opolskie, Poland 300MW gross polygeneration power plant Pre-combustion Pipeline Onshore deep saline formations 2.47Mtpa Integrated with dependency on partners 2015 Limited definition Intended Intended Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Same asset lifecycle stage in 2009
8 Korea-CCS2 Republic of Korea 300MW coal-fired oxyfuel or IGCC power plant Oxyfuel or pre-combustion Pipeline then 800km by ship Offshore deep saline formations 1.5-2.5Mtpa Integrated, with agreements still being pursued 2019 Very little definition Intended Intended Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Identifi ed as a new project in 2010
9 North East CCS Cluster Teeside, England, United Kingdom 850MW coal-fired IGCC and 420MW coal/biomass fired power plants Pre-combustion 225km pipeline Offshore deep saline formations 7.5Mtpa Integrated with dependency on partners 2015 Limited definition Intended Intended Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Reassessed from Evaluate in 2009 to Identify in 2010
10 Shenhua Ph 2 Inner Mongolia, China Coal-to-liquids plant Pre-combustion 30-100km unspecified transport Deep saline formations 1Mtpa Integrated with dependency on partners By 2020 Yes Yes Yes Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Identified as new project in 2010
Evaluate
11 Boise White Paper Mill Washington State, United States Pulp and paper mill Post-combustion Not specified Basalt formations 0.72Mtpa Integrated 2014 Limited definition Insufficient information provided Intended No Identified as new project in 2010
12 Bow City Alberta, Canada 1,000MW coal-fired power plant Post-combustion 6-30km pipeline Onshore EOR 1Mtpa Integrated, with agreements still being pursued 2016 Limited definition Intended Intended No Evolved to be included in 2010 LSIP list as not enough information on CO2 volume was known in 2009
13 Browse LNG Western Australia, Australia Liquefied natural gas (LNG) plant Gas processing Pipeline Deep saline formations or depleted oil and gas reservoirs 3Mtpa Integrated 2017 Limited definition Insufficient information provided Intended Insufficient information provided Same asset lifecycle stage in 2009
14 Cash Creek Kentucky, United States 630MW net coal IGCC power plant Pre-combustion Pipeline Onshore EOR 2Mtpa Integrated with dependency on partners 2015 Limited definition Insufficient information provided Yes No Same asset lifecycle stage in 2009*
15 CEMEX CO2 Capture Plant United States Cement plant Post-combustion Pipeline Not specified 1Mtpa Integrated 2015 Very little definition Insufficient information provided Intended No Identified as a new project in 2010
16 Faustina Hydrogen Louisiana, United States Coal-to-liquids plant Pre-combustion Pipeline Onshore EOR 1.5Mtpa Integrated with dependency on partners By 2020 Yes Insufficient information provided Intended No Evolved to be included in 2010 LSIP list as not enough information on scale and integration was known in 2009
17 Freeport Gasification Texas, United States Petcoke to SNG plant (plus 400MW electricity from excess steam) Pre-combustion Pipeline Onshore EOR 2Mtpa Integrated, with agreements still being pursued 2013 Very little definition Insufficient information provided Intended No Was in Define in 2009, reassessed to Evaluate in 2010
18 South Heart IGCC North Dakota, United States 175MW net output lignite-fired IGCC plant Pre-combustion Pipeline Onshore EOR 2.1Mtpa Integrated, with uncertainty over agreements 2017         Evolved to be included in 2010 LSIP list as was identified as only capture ready in 2009
19 GreenGen Tianjin, China 1x400MW (phase III) coal-fired IGCC power plant Pre-combustion Pipeline Onshore EOR 2Mtpa Integrated, with agreements still being pursued 2016 Very little definition Intended Yes Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Same asset lifecycle stage in 2009
20 Hatfield South Yorkshire, England, United Kingdom 2x450MW gross coal-fired IGCC power plant Pre-combustion 175km pipeline Offshore deep saline formations or depleted oil and gas reservoirs 5Mtpa Integrated with dependency on partners 2015 Limited definition Intended Yes Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Same asset lifecycle stage in 2009
21 Hunterston Power APL North Ayrshire, Scotland, United Kingdom 2x926MW multi-fuel (coal/biomass)-fired power plant Pre-combustion Pipeline Offshore depleted oil and gas reservoirs 2Mtpa Integrated, with agreements still being pursued 2017 Limited definition Intended Yes Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Evolved to be included in 2010 LSIP list as was identified as only capture ready in 2009
22 Indiana Gasification Indiana, United States Coal to SNG plant Pre-combustion 7.2km pipeline Onshore EOR 1Mtpa Integrated, with agreements still being pursued By 2020 Yes Insufficient information provided Yes No Evolved to be included in 2010 LSIP list as was identified as delayed in 2009
23 Korea-CCS-1 Republic of Korea 300MW coal-fired power plant Post-combustion Pipeline then 250km ship Offshore deep saline formations 1.5Mtpa Integrated 2017 Limited definition Intended Intended Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Identified as a new project in 2010
24 Leucadia Mississippi Mississippi, United States Petcoke to SNG plant Pre-combustion 176km pipeline Onshore EOR 4Mtpa Integrated, with agreements still being pursued 2014 Yes Limited MMV (EOR) Yes No Identified as a new project in 2010
25 Mongstad CCS (full scale) Hordaland, Norway Natural gas-fired combined heat (350MW) and power (280MW) plant Post-combustion Pipeline Offshore deep saline formations 1Mtpa Integrated 2020 Limited definition Intended Intended Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Evolved to be included in 2010 LSIP list as not enough information on scale and integration was known in 2009
26 Peterhead Aberdeenshire, Scotland, United Kingdom 400MW gas-fired power plant Post-combustion Pipeline Various offshore storage options being considered 1Mtpa Integrated By 2020 Limited definition Intended Yes Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Evolved to be included in 2010 LSIP list as was identified as delayed in 2009
27 Romanian CCS Demo Oltenia, Romania 330MW lignite fired power plant Post-combustion 20-50km pipeline Onshore deep saline formations 1.5Mtpa Integrated 2015 Limited definition Intended Intended Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Identified as a new project in 2010
28 Rotterdam CCS Network Rotterdam, Netherlands Range of CO2 capture facilities Various 25-150km shipping or common carrier pipeline Offshore depleted oil and gas reservoirs 3.35Mtpa (in addition to ROAD and Air Liquide) Integrated with dependency on partners 2015 Limited definition Intended Yes Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Identified as a new project in 2010
29 SCS Energy PurGen One New Jersey, United States 500MW coal-fired IGCC power plant Pre-combustion 160km pipeline Offshore deep saline formations 2.6Mtpa Integrated, with agreements still being pursued 2016 Yes Intended Yes Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Identified as a new project in 2010
30 Shell CO2 Louisiana, United States Various CO2 capture facilities Various Pipeline Onshore deep saline formations 1Mtpa Integrated, with agreements still being pursued 2015 Limited definition Intended Yes No Identified as a new project in 2010
31 Southland CTF Project Southland, New Zealand Coal to fertiliser plant Pre-combustion 100km pipeline Onshore deep saline formations 1.2Mtpa Integrated 2016 Limited definition Intended Yes Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Identified as a new project in 2010
32 Spectra Fort Nelson British Columbia, Canada Natural gas processing plant Gas processing 30km pipeline Onshore deep saline formations 1.2Mtpa (demo 2010-2017), 2.9Mtpa after Integrated 2014 Yes Yes Intended Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Same asset lifecycle stage in 2009
33 Swan Hills Alberta, Canada In situ coal gasification (syngas) with 300MW net combined cycle power plant Pre-combustion Pipeline Onshore EOR 1.4Mtpa Integrated with dependency on partners 2015 Limited definition Intended Yes Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Evolved to be included in 2010 LSIP list as not enough information on scale and integration was known in 2009
34 Sweeny Gasification Texas, United States 680MW petcoke IGCC power plant Pre-combustion Pipeline Onshore EOR 3Mtpa Integrated, with agreements still being pursued 2015 Limited definition Insufficient information provided Intended No Identified as a new project in 2010
35 Taylorville IGCC Illinois, United States 716MW gross hybrid IGCC coal power plant Pre-combustion Pipeline Onshore EOR 1.9Mtpa Integrated with dependency on partners 2015 Limited definition Intended Yes Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Same asset lifecycle stage in 2009
36 The Collie Hub Western Australia, Australia Various CO2 capture facilities Pre-combustion and post-combustion 80km pipeline Onshore deep saline formations 2.5-7.5Mtpa Integrated with dependency on partners 2015 Limited definition Intended Yes Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Identified as a new project in 2010
37 Victorian CarbonNet Victoria, Australia Various CO2 capture facilities Various 80-150km pipeline Near shore deep saline formations 3.3Mtpa Integrated, with agreements still being pursued 2018 Limited definition Intended Yes Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Identified as a new project in 2010
38 Wandoan Power Queensland, Australia 400MW net coal-fired IGCC power plant Pre-combustion 10-180km pipeline Onshore beneficial reuse or deep saline formations 2.5Mtpa Integrated with dependency on partners 2015 Limited definition Intended Yes Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Same asset lifecycle stage in 2009
Define
39 AEP Mountaineer 235-MWe CO2 Capture West Virginia, United States 235MWe slipstream from 1,300MW net coal-fired power plant Post-combustion <30km pipeline Onshore deep saline formations 1.5Mtpa Integrated 2015 Limited definition Intended Yes Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Progressed from Identify in 2009 to Define in 2010
40 Air Liquide Rotterdam, Netherlands Hydrogen Production Post-combustion Ship Offshore EOR 0.55Mtpa Integrated, with agreements still being pursued 2012 Limited definition Intended Yes Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Identified as a new project in 2010
41 Air Products Project Texas, United States Hydrogen production at oil refinery Post-combustion Pipeline Onshore EOR 1Mtpa Integrated with dependency on partners. 2015 Yes Limited MMV (EOR) Yes Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Identified as a new project in 2010
42 ADM Company Illinois Industrial CCS Illinois, United States Ethanol plant Gas processing 1.6km pipeline Onshore deep saline formations 1Mtpa Insufficient information provided 2012 Limited definition Insufficient information provided Intended Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Identified as a new project in 2010
43 Belchatow ?d z Voivodeship, Poland 260MW equivalent on 858MW lignite-fired power plant Post-combustion 61-140km pipeline Onshore deep saline formations 1.8Mtpa Integrated 2015 Limited definition Intended Yes Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Progressed from Evaluate in 2009 to Define in 2010
44 SaskPower Boundary Dam 3 Saskatchewan, Canada 115MWe net coal-fired power plant Post-combustion <100km pipeline EOR 1Mtpa Integrated 2013 Limited definition Intended Yes Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Same asset lifecycle stage in 2009*
45 Coffeyville Gasification Plant Kansas, United States Fertiliser plant Pre-combustion Pipeline EOR 0.59Mtpa Integrated with dependency on partners By 2020 Yes Limited MMV (EOR) Intended Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Same asset lifecycle stage in 2009*
46 Dongguan Guangdong, China 800MW net coal-fired IGCC power plant Pre-combustion 100km pipeline Offshore depleted oil and gas reservoirs Up to 1Mtpa Integrated, with agreements still being pursued 2015 Yes Yes Yes Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Progressed from Evaluate in 2009 to Define in 2010
47 Eemshaven Nuon Magnum Groningen, Netherlands 1,200MW multi-fuel-fired IGCC power plant Pre-combustion Pipeline Depleted oil and gas reservoirs 1.3Mtpa Integrated with dependency on partners 2015 Yes Yes Intended Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Progressed from Identify in 2009 to Define in 2010
48 Entergy Nelson 6 CCS Project Louisiana, United States 585MW coal-fired power plant Post-combustion <160km pipeline Onshore EOR 4Mtpa Integrated with dependency on partners 2015 Yes Limited MMV (EOR) Intended Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Identified as a new project in 2010
49 HECA California, United States 250MW net multi-fuel-fired IGCC power plant Pre-combustion 6.4km pipeline Onshore EOR 2Mtpa Integrated with dependency on partners 2015 Yes Yes Yes Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Same asset lifecycle stage in 2009
50 HPAD Western Region, United Arab Emirates 400MW net hydrogen power plant Pre-combustion Pipeline Onshore EOR 1.7Mtpa Integrated with dependency on partners. 2015 Limited definition Intended Yes Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Evolved to be included in 2010 LSIP list as it is now listed as a separate project
51 Lake Charles Gasification Louisiana, United States Petcoke to SNG plant Pre-combustion 19.2km pipeline Onshore EOR >4Mtpa Integrated with dependency on partners. 2014 Yes Limited MMV (EOR) Yes Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Same asset lifecycle stage in 2009*
52 Lianyungang Jiangsu, China 1,200MW IGCC and 2x1,300MW ultra supercritical PC plants coproduction power/chemical Pre-combustion and post-combustion 100km pipeline Onshore deep saline formations 1Mtpa Integrated with dependency on partners. 2015 Limited definition Yes Yes Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Progressed from Evaluate in 2009 to Define in 2010
53 Longannet Fife, Scotland, United Kingdom 2x600MW units of a coal-fired power plant with co-firing capability Post-combustion Pipeline Offshore depleted oil and gas reservoirs 2Mtpa Integrated with dependency on partners. 2014 Yes Intended Yes Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Same asset lifecycle stage in 2009
54 Lost Cabin Capture Project Wyoming, United States Natural gas processing plant Gas processing 370km pipeline Onshore EOR 1Mtpa Integrated with dependency on partners 2014 Yes Limited MMV (EOR) Intended Insufficient information provided Identified as a new project in 2010
55 Masdar CCS Project United Arab Emirates Power and aluminium plants; Steel plant Post-combustion 490km pipeline Onshore EOR 4.3Mtpa Integrated, with agreements still being pursued 2013 Limited definition Intended Yes Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Same asset lifecycle stage in 2009
56 Porto Tolle Rovigo, Italy 264MWe equivalent ultra supercritical PC power plant Post-combustion 100km pipeline Offshore deep saline formations 1Mtpa Integrated 2015 Limited definition Intended Yes Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Progressed from Identify in 2009 to Define in 2010
57 Quest CCS Project Alberta, Canada Hydrogen production at oil sands upgrader Pre-combustion 80km pipeline Onshore deep saline formations 1.2Mtpa Integrated 2015 Yes Intended Yes Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Same asset lifecycle stage in 2009
58 ROAD Rotterdam, Netherlands 250MW equivalent on 1,070MW coal/biomassfired power plant Post-combustion 25km pipeline Offshore depleted oil and gas reservoirs 1.1Mtpa Integrated with dependency on partners 2015 Limited definition Intended Yes Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Progressed from Identify in 2009 to Define in 2010
59 RWE Eemshaven Groningen, Netherlands 780MW net coal-fired power plant (biomass in future) Post-combustion 80km pipeline Depleted oil and gas reservoirs 1.1Mtpa Integrated with dependency on partners 2015 Yes Yes Intended Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Progressed from Identify in 2009 to Define in 2010*
60 Texas Clean Energy Project (NowGen) Texas, United States 400MW coal-fired IGCC power/ poly-geneneration plant Pre-combustion 132km pipeline Onshore EOR 2.7Mtpa Integrated with dependency on partners 2014 Yes Intended Yes Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Identified as a new project in 2010
61 Tenaska Trailblazer Texas, United States 600MW net supercritical PC power plant Post-combustion Pipeline Onshore EOR 5.75Mtpa Integrated, with agreements still being pursued 2016 Limited definition Insufficient information provided Yes Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Progressed from Evaluate in 2009 to Define in 2010
62 The Compostilla Project Leon, Spain 322MWe (Phase 2) coalfired oxyfuel combustion power plant Oxyfuel combustion 150km pipeline Onshore deep saline formations 1.6Mtpa Integrated 2015 Limited definition Intended Yes Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Progressed from Identify in 2009 to Define in 2010
63 Transalta Project Pioneer Alberta, Canada 450MW gross coal-fired power plant Post-combustion 50km pipeline Onshore EOR and deep saline formations 1Mtpa Integrated with dependency on partners 2015 Limited definition Intended Yes Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Same asset lifecycle stage in 2009*
64 ULCOS Florange Lorraine, France Steel plant Post-combustion 100km pipeline Onshore deep saline formations 0.5Mtpa Integrated 2015 Limited definition Intended Intended Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Evolved to be included in 2010 LSIP list as not enough information on scale and integration was known in 2009
65 Vattenfall Jnschwalde Brandenburg, Germany 250MW lignite fired oxyfuel and 50MW lignite fired power plant Oxyfuel combustion and post-combustion 60-300km pipeline Onshore deep saline formations 1.7Mtpa Integrated 2015 Limited definition Intended Yes Adequate to complete current asset lifecycle stage Progressed from Identify in 2009 to Define in 2010
Execute
66 Enhance Energy EOR Project Alberta, Canada Fertiliser production and hydrogen production at the oil refinery Precombustion (Fertiliser) and precombustion (oil refinery) 240km pipeline Onshore EOR 1.8Mtpa Integrated with dependency on partners 2012 Yes Yes Yes Yes Same asset lifecycle stage in 2009
67 Gorgon Project Western Australia, Australia Liquefied natural gas (LNG) processing plant Gas processing 10km pipeline Onshore deep saline formations 3.4-4Mtpa Integrated 2014 Yes Yes Yes Yes Progressed from Define in 2009 to Execute in 2010
68 Occidental Gas Processing Plant Texas, United States Natural gas processing plant Gas processing 256km pipeline Onshore EOR 9Mtpa Integrated with dependency on partners 2011 Yes Limited MMV (EOR) Yes Yes Same asset lifecycle stage in 2009*
69 Southern Company IGCC Mississippi, United States 582MW net coal-fired IGCC power plant Pre-combustion 97.6km pipeline Onshore EOR 2.5Mtpa Integrated with dependency on partners 2014 Yes Limited MMV (EOR) Yes Yes Evolved to be included in 2010 LSIP list as not enough information on CO2 volume was known in 2009
Operate
70 Enid Fertilizer Oklahoma, United States Fertiliser plant Pre-combustion 192km pipeline Onshore EOR 0.68Mtpa Integrated with dependency on partners 2003 Yes Limited MMV (EOR) Yes Yes Same asset lifecycle stage in 2009*
71 In Salah Ouargla Wilaya, Algeria Natural gas processing plant Gas processing 14km pipeline Onshore deep saline formations 1Mtpa Integrated 2004 Yes Yes Yes Yes Same asset lifecycle stage in 2009
72 Rangely Colorado, United States Natural gas processing plant Gas processing 285km pipeline Onshore EOR 1Mtpa Integrated with dependency on partners 1986 Yes Yes Yes Yes Same asset lifecycle stage in 2009
73 Salt Creek EOR Wyoming, United States Natural gas processing plant Gas processing 201km pipeline Onshore EOR 2.4Mtpa Integrated with dependency on partners 2004 Yes Limited MMV (EOR) Yes Yes Same asset lifecycle stage in 2009
74 Sharon Ridge Texas, United States Natural gas processing plant Gas processing Pipeline (CRC and Val Verde) Onshore EOR 1.3Mtpa Integrated with dependency on partners 1999 Yes Limited MMV (EOR) Yes Yes Same asset lifecycle stage in 2009
75 Sleipner North Sea, Norway Natural gas processing plant Gas processing Minimal (capture same as storage location) Offshore deep saline formations 1Mtpa Integrated 1996 Yes Yes Yes Yes Same asset lifecycle stage in 2009
76 Snhvit North Sea, Norway Liquefied natural gas (LNG) plant Gas processing 154km pipeline Offshore deep saline formations 0.7Mtpa Integrated 2007 Yes Yes Yes Yes Same asset lifecycle stage in 2009
77 Weyburn-Midale Storage Project Saskatchewan, Canada Synfuels plant including SNG Pre-combustion 330km pipeline Onshore EOR 3Mtpa Integrated with dependency on partners 2000 Yes Yes Yes Yes Same asset lifecycle stage in 2009

† Assumed based on government funding requirements.

* Added to the 2009 LSIP baseline: as the new scale criteria was applied to the 2009 data (described in The Status of CCS Projects: Interim Report 2010); or was a LSIP in 2009 that was omitted from the 2009 Status Report (WorleyParsons et al. 2009).

# The South Heart IGCC project was newly identified in late 2010 and sufficient information was not provided to undertake a traffic light assessment.

 

Table C-3 Cancelled or delayed LSIPs

Changes from 2009 to 2010 Asset lifecycle stage Project name Notes Country
Cancelled Identify Carbon Store Australia LASSIE Was in 2009 LSIP list, has since been replaced with CarbonNet Australia
Cancelled Identify Kalundborg DONG Was in 2009 LSIP list, has since been cancelled Denmark
Cancelled Identify Rotterdam CGEN Was in 2009 LSIP list, has since been cancelled Netherlands
Cancelled Identify Shell/Essent Low CO2 Power Plant Project Was in 2009 LSIP list, has since been cancelled Netherlands
Cancelled Identify BKK Gasskraftverk Mongstad (BKK CCGT Mongstad) Was in 2009 LSIP list, has since been cancelled Norway
Cancelled Evaluate ZeroGen Commercial Scale Project Was in 2009 LSIP list, has since been cancelled Australia
Cancelled Define FINNCAP – Meri Pori CCS Project Progressed from Evaluate in 2009 to Define in 2010, has since been cancelled Finland
Cancelled Define Barendrecht Shell Progressed from Identify in 2009 to Define in 2010, has since been cancelled Netherlands
Cancelled Define FutureGen Was in 2009 LSIP list, has since been replaced with FutureGen 2.0 United States
Delayed Identify FuturGas Project Was in 2009 LSIP list, has since been delayed Australia
Delayed Identify NW Bohemia Clean Coal Project Was in 2009 LSIP list, has since been delayed Czech Republic
Delayed Identify Aalborg (Nordjyllandsvaerket) Was in 2009 LSIP list, has since been delayed Denmark
Delayed Evaluate RWE Goldenbergwerk (Huerth) Reassessed from Define in 2009 to Evaluate in 2010, has since been delayed Germany
Delayed Evaluate Bintulu CCS project Was in 2009 LSIP list, has since been delayed Malaysia
Delayed Evaluate Kårstø Full Scale Progressed from Identify in 2009 to Evaluate in 2010, has since been delayed Norway
Delayed Define Capital Power Corporation – Genesee CCS Project – IGCC Was in 2009 LSIP list, has since been delayed Canada
Delayed Define Sargas Husnes Clean Coal Project Was in 2009 LSIP list, has since been delayed Norway
Delayed Define Kingsnorth Demo Plant Progressed from Evaluate in 2009 to Define in Was in 2009 LSIP list, has since been delayed United Kingdom
Delayed Define Tilbury Clean Coal Power Station Was in 2009 LSIP list, has since been delayed United Kingdom
Delayed Evaluate Southern California Edison IGCC Project Was in 2009 LSIP list, has since been delayed United States
Delayed Define Antelope Valley Station Post-Combustion CO2 Capture Was in 2009 LSIP list, has since been delayed United States
Delayed Define SWP – Development Phase – Deep Saline Sequestration Was in 2009 LSIP list, has since been delayed United States

 

Table C-4 Traffic light definitions used to classify LSIPs against the G8 criteria

G8 criteria Scale Full integration Schedule of full-scale operation Storage site location MMV Public engagement strategy Project implementation & funding plans
Green The project is either:
  1. coal-fired power project that captures and stores at least 80 per cent of 1Mtpa CO2; or
  2. natural gas-fired power plant, industrial or natural gas processing installation captures and stores at least 80 per cent of 500ktpa CO2.
 The project is integrated. If it is dependent on other entities for any part of the CCS chain, parties have reached agreements on funding and structures. A detailed project schedule has been developed. Proposed timeframes are reasonably achievable to meet full-scale operation by 2020. The primary site is identified with site characterisation underway and preferred CO2 transport routes linking the capture site and the storage site have been identified. An MMV plan has been developed that will provide a high level of confidence that sequestered CO2 will be closed securely. Appropriate strategies (e.g. stakeholder outreach strategy and engagement plan) are in place to engage the public and to incorporate input into the project. Major milestones have been identified and adequate funding is in place to fund the entire project’s advancement to operation.
Amber The project has specified a range that could meet the target. The project intends to be integrated, but if it is dependent on other entities for any part of the CCS chain, the parties have not reached agreement on funding or structures. A detailed project schedule has not yet been developed. Proposed timeframes are reasonably achievable to meet full-scale operation by 2020. Possible storage sites and CO2 transport routes have been identified but the level of definition of these options is limited and detailed work is yet to begin. The project intends to develop and implement an MMV plan to provide a high level of confidence that sequestered CO2 will be stored securely at the appropriate stage of its development. The project intends to develop appropriate strategies to engage the public and to incorporate input into the project. Major milestones have been identified and adequate funding has been received to support activities required in the project’s current stage in the asset lifecycle.
Red The project does not meet the scale. The project does not intend to be integrated. A detailed project schedule has not yet been developed. Proposed timeframes are extremely tight and are unlikely to be achievable to meet full-scale operation by 2020. Very little definition around the storage site and transport routes. The project does not intend to develop an MMV plan to provide a high level of confidence that sequestered CO2 will be stored securely. The project has given no consideration to the development of appropriate strategies to engage the public and to incorporate input into the project. Funding has not been received to support activities required in the project’s current stage in the asset lifecycle.
  If nothing has been specified or not enough information has been provided for any one of the G8 criteria, the LSIP will be classified as RED.

 

Table C-5 Recent country/regional screening assessments

Region Initiative Coverage Status/description Date completed
Australia Australian Mapping and Storage Infrastructure Task Force Onshore and offshore Australia (13 Basins)

Reports on 13 highest potential basins, montage summaries plus a suite of economics and supplementary reports (Australian Carbon Storage Taskforce 2009.)

Summary report released. Main report released in 2010.

 September 2009
Australia Queensland Regional Assessment 36 Basins in Queensland To better understand the impact of CO2 storage on other resources within the region December 2009
Australia Gippsland Dynamic Modelling/Vic GCS Victorian Gippsland Basin To better understand the impact of CO2 storage on other resources within the region. In preparation
South Africa National Storage Atlas South Africa First edition released in September 2010 September 2010
Brazil CARBMAP Brazil East coast continental shelf Assessments for storage potential have recently commenced. EOR Studies  
United States/Canada North American Storage Atlas   Third extended edition December 2010
China

Regional Opportunities for Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage in China

Potential Capacity and Evaluation Storage in China Project

All Chinese Basins

Full Basin review

Dahowski, R. T., Li, X., Davidson, C. L. Wei, N. and Dooley, J. J., 2009.

Potential Capacity and Evaluation Storage in China Project – China Geological Survey and others-commenced in 2009

 In preparation
Europe European Union Geocapacity 22 Countries European capacity in member states EU Geocapacity (2008) 2008

 

Table C-6 Initiatives for establishing new CO2 networks for CCS41

Name/region Overview/status Initial ‘anchor’ demonstration projects (with asset lifecycle stage) Scale notes for overall network
1. Rotterdam Climate Initiative (RCI)42, Netherlands

RCI has developed a CCS business case for a CO2 cluster approach for the Port of Rotterdam area, with pipeline and shipping options.

Connected to multiple storage sites, depleted gas fields in North Sea in particular.

Includes building on existing OCAP pipeline network for supplying CO2 used commercially in greenhouses.

Signed Letters of Cooperation with 9 companies for possible capture projects (coal power, IGCC, hydrogen plants, etc.).

Undertaken comprehensive financial analysis and independent assessment of storage sites in the Dutch sector of the North Sea.
  • Rotterdam Afvang en Opslag Demo (Define)
  • Air Liquide Hydrogen Plant (Define)
  • Capture from additional emitter(s) in the Port of Rotterdam (Evaluate)
  • 5Mtpa, scaling up to potential 25Mtpa
2. CCS in Northern Netherlands, Netherlands

Action Plan published in 2009 for developing a CCS network in Northern Netherlands.

Preferred storage locations identified in three depleted onshore depleted gas fields located in the north of the Netherlands, with more detailed assessment to follow.
  • Eemshaven RWE (Define)
  • Nuon Magnum (Define)
  • 2.4Mtpa, scaling up to potential 12Mtpa
3. CO2 Sense, Yorkshire/ Humber, United Kingdom

Large concentration of industrial single-source CO2 emitters, currently emitting 60Mtpa.

Targeting depleted gas fields and saline aquifers in southern North Sea for storage.

Pre-FEED work on network completed in 2010.
  • Immingham CCS Project (Identify); potentially integrated with network plans, but some uncertainty
  • Hatfield IGCC (Evaluate)
  • 9–12Mtpa, scaling up to potential 40Mtpa
4. Scottish Cluster, Firth of Forth, Scotland, United Kingdom

Scottish CCS Joint Study identified need for developing capture and storage hubs in Scotland

Preferred initial route being an offshore pipeline from Firth of Forth to east cost, with four potential storage hubs identified in North Sea

Possible re-use of existing National Grid natural gas pipelines as North Sea gas production declines.

A Scottish Carbon Capture Transport and Storage Development Study will further assess storage capacity.

CO2 storage in combination with EOR is also being considered in Scotland.
  • Longannet Clean Coal Power Station (Define)
  • APL/Hunterston (Evaluate); potentially integrated with network plans, but some uncertainty
  • 20Mtpa; potential for being larger storage hub for Europe.

 

41Tables C-6 and C-7 are based on information that is publicly available (cross-referenced with the Global CCS Institute’s database on CCS projects) for categorizing these initiatives as a network or part thereof. Other network opportunities and even plans may exist, particularly plans that are relatively less advanced. For example, two separate large-scale projects for capturing CO2 in the Republic of Korea are considering storage in some locations, but the Global CCS Institute does not have information suggesting an explicit plan for developing a ‘shared’ network approach is being considered.

42 As mentioned above, RCI will initially build off the OCAP network in Netherlands for supplying CO2 to greenhouses. Though for the purposes of this report, RCI is still considered a new CO2 network initiative for the purposes of geological storage.

Table C-6 Continued

Name/region Overview/status Initial ‘anchor’ demonstration projects (with asset lifecycle stage) Scale notes for overall network
5. Thames Cluster, Thames and Medway Estuaries, United Kingdom

Nine existing and future power plants, plus an existing refinery identified for the basis of forming a capture hub.

Additional depleted oil and gas fields identified for expanding storage hub.
  • 16Mtpa, scaling up to potential 28Mtpa
  
6. North East CCS Cluster, Teeside, United Kingdom

Advanced work on capturing CO2 from two power plants: Rio Tinto Alcan existing Lynemouth plant and Progressive Energy’s proposed IGCC plant, Eston Grange.

Shared pipeline being planned for transporting CO2 to an identified deep saline formation in central North Sea.
  • Capture at proposed Eston Grange and existing Lynemouth power stations (Identify)
  • 7.5Mtpa, scaling up to potential 15Mtpa
  • 250km pipeline to start
7. Interreg Project, Skagerrak and Kattegat Regions, Scandinavia

CO2 capture from up to 12 existing sources including refineries and cement, chemical, pulp and paper, and power plants in Denmark, Sweden, and Norway. Total emissions of 12Mtpa.

Potential storage opportunities being explored, including deep saline formations onshore and offshore of Denmark.

   Up to 10Mtpa
8. Collie Hub Project, Western Australia

CO2 capture from a fertiliser plant, followed by potential capture at proposed power plants and alumina plant.

Feasibility study and business case being developed. Storage in Southern Perth Basin, with a primary storage site already selected and a pilot injection being planned as part of an initial ‘enabling’ phase.
  • Capture at industrial centres of Kwinana and Collie, including Perdaman fertiliser plant (Evaluate)
  • Up to 200km pipeline
  • 2.5Mtpa, with plans for scaling up
9. Victorian CarbonNet, Victoria, Australia

CO2 from both existing and proposed coal power stations in the Latrobe Valley, for onshore storage at a selected deep saline formation, and potentially pilot project looking at mineralisation.

An overall network feasibility study has been completed in 2009, with capture, transport, and storage costs analysed and financial structure and funding alternatives developed. Storage characterisation plant has also been developed.

More detailed feasibility studies currently underway for the various capture options, as well as the transport and storage systems.
  • Capture at two coal-fired power plants (Evaluate)
  • 3.3Mtpa, scaling up to potential 20Mtpa
  • Up to 150km pipeline
10. Masdar CCS Project, United Arab Emirates

Capture and transportation of CO2 by shared pipeline system to oil fields for EOR.

CO2 capture from steel, aluminium and power generation facilities.
  • Capture at Hydrogen Power Abu Dhabi (HPAD) and Emirates Alumina and Steel Plants (Define)
  • 6Mtpa by 2015 onwards
  • 490km pipeline

Table C-6 Continued

Name/region Overview/status Initial ‘anchor’ demonstration projects (with asset lifecycle stage) Scale notes for overall network
11. Alberta Carbon Trunkline (ACTL)/ Integrated CO2 Network (ICON), Alberta, Canada

The ACTL is a pipeline network for gathering CO2 from several sources in Alberta’s Industrial Heartland, and transporting to existing mature oil fields in South-Central Alberta for EOR.

An initial supply of CO2 has been confirmed with long-term supply agreements from two industrial sources, for an initial throughput planned for 1.8Mtpa. ACTL is in the advanced stages of engineering and obtaining regulatory approvals.

ACTL is consistent with the first phase of a broader ICON network being proposed by a consortium of 16 large final emitters in Alberta.

ICON undertook a study for a comprehensive pipeline network, with optimal routing over three phases connecting up to 75 CO2 sources from a broad range power generation and industrial facilities across Alberta. Focus on supplying CO2 to 5 large areas for EOR.
  • Capture from existing fertiliser plant and then from a planned oil refinery, as part of Enhance Energy EOR Project (Execute)

ACTL

  • 1.8Mtpa, scaling up to potential 14.6Mtpa
  • 240km pipeline

ICON

  • Three phases scaling up to potential 35Mtpa
  • Up to 1,300km
12. Pennsylvania CCS Network, United States

State of Pennsylvania published 2009 report on technical and economic viability on an integrated CCS network.

First phase involves retrofitting six coal-fired power plants for CO2 capture, with later phases integrating additional capture at both power and industrial facilities.

Accompanied by separate report identifying four major potential storage locations in Pennsylvania.

  
  • 20–30Mtpa, scaling up to potential 50–60Mtpa
13. Ohio Network, United States

Pew Centre 2008 report identified Ohio-based industries that could be linked to a CO2 pipeline network for the purposes of supplying CO2 for EOR.

Conceptual pipeline developed linking potential CO2 sources to EOR opportunities.

  
  • 720km pipeline
14. Bell Creek EOR, Wyoming, United States

Denbury will source CO2 from an existing natural gas processing plant, and pipeline it 330km to Bell Creek EOR.

Additional EOR opportunities in proximity to Bell Creek are also being explored.
  • Capture from the Lost Cabin Gas Plant (LCGP) Capture Project (Define)
  • 1Mtpa to start

 

Table C-7 LSIPs building on existing CO2 infrastructure for EOR43

Name/region Overview/asset lifecycle stage Addition to network
Identify Stage
1. CO2 Global – Project Viking, New Mexico, United States CO2 capture from oxycombustion power facility, feeding into an existing CO2 pipeline for transporting CO2 for EOR in the Permian Basin.

1.2Mtpa CO2

48km pipeline
Evaluate Stage
2. Faustina Hydrogen, Louisiana, United States Capturing CO2 at a coal-to-liquids plant, and planning to supply CO2 into Denbury’s 515km Green Pipeline recently constructed for transporting CO2 from Louisiana into Texas, which is connected to Denbury’s existing CO2 pipeline network in Mississippi/Louisiana

1.5Mtpa CO2

515km pipeline
3. Indiana Gasification, Indiana, United States Pipeline options being explored to transport CO2 from coal-fired IGCC/SNG plant to existing CO2 pipelines in the region.

1Mtpa CO2

7.2km pipeline
4. Cash Creek, Kentucky, United States CO2 captured at a proposed IGCC facility, with plans to feed into Denbury’s proposed 1,130km Midwest CO2 pipeline for connecting facilities in the Midwest to Denbury’s existing CO2 pipeline network in the Gulf region.

2Mtpa CO2

1,130km pipeline
5. Leucadia Mississippi, Mississippi, United States Will provide CO2 from a petcoke to synthetic natural gas (SNG) plant to Denbury’s existing CO2 network.

4Mtpa CO2

176km pipeline
6. Taylorville Energy Centre IGCC, Illinois, United States CO2 capture from a proposed IGCC plant, connecting into Denbury’s proposed Midwest CO2 pipeline. 1.9Mtpa CO2
Define Stage
7. Tenaska Trailblazer Energy Centre, Texas, United States CO2 captured from coal-fired power plant will feed into established CO2 pipeline in the vicinity. 5.75Mtpa CO2
8. Lake Charles Gasification Plant, Louisiana, United States CO2 captured from proposed petcoke gasification plant will be transported a short distance to Denbury’s Green Pipeline. 4Mtpa CO2
9. Texas Clean Energy Project (Nowgen), Texas, United States CO2 captured from proposed IGCC plant will be connected to Blue Source’s existing Val Verde CO2 pipeline for transporting CO2 to the Permian Basin.

2.7Mtpa CO2

133km pipeline
10. Air Products Project, Texas, United States CO2 delivered from a oil refinery to Denbury for EOR at existing operations in Texas. 1Mtpa CO2
11. Entergy Nelson 6 CCS Project, Louisiana, United States CO2 from an existing coal-fired power station in Louisiana will be delivered to Denbury Resources’ Green Pipeline, which passes 8km to the power station, for transport to EOR in existing oil fields located near the Gulf Coast. 4Mtpa CO2

 

43 A few LSIPs that will supply CO2 for EOR have not disclosed or confirmed an exact CO2 offtaker, making it difficult to determine whether they are either building on existing CO2 infrastructure, part of plans to establish a new CO2 network, or will be just a single source-to-sink project (i.e. not a network). These include the following projects that are not included in Table C-7, but are planning to capture CO2 in proximity to existing or plans in the near future to expand existing CO2 pipeline infrastructure:

  • SaskPower Boundary Dam Project, Saskatchewan, Canada
  • Freeport Gasification Plant, Texas, United States
  • Sweeny Gasification, Texas, United States
  • Coffeyville Resources, Kansas, United States

Table C-7 Continued

Name/region Overview/asset lifecycle stage Addition to network
Execute Stage
12. Southern Company IGCC Project, Mississippi, United States CO2 from IGCC project will be providing CO2 to existing EOR operations.

2.5Mtpa CO2

97.6km pipeline
13. Occidental Gas Processing Plant, Texas, United States CO2 from natural gas processing plant will be purchased for EOR at an existing operation in Texas. A new pipeline will connect to a CO2 industry hub in Denver City, Texas, sourcing CO2 from other gas processing plants.

8.5Mtpa CO2

256km pipeline
Operate
14. Salt Creek Enhanced Oil Recovery, Wyoming, United States CO2 for EOR sourced from at least two different natural gas processing plants.

2.4Mtpa CO2

322km pipeline
15. Enid Fertilizer, Oklahoma, United States CO2 from fertiliser plant feeding into a larger interconnected CO2 pipeline/EOR network operated by Anadarko.

0.675Mtpa CO2

192km pipeline
16. Rangely Project, Colorado, United States CO2 sourced from LaBarge gas processing facility (one of the plants that provides CO2 to Salt Creek) and then transported by pipeline to Rangely field owned by Chevron Texaco.

1Mtpa CO2

456km pipeline
17. Sharon Ridge EOR, Texas, United States CO2 sourced from at least four natural gas processing plants and transported by a broader CO2 network for supporting EOR in the Permian Basin. 1.3Mtpa CO2

About this publication

The Global Status of CCS: 2010

Publication spread
Authors: 
Global CCS Institute
Published: 
08 Mar 2011