Resources
Publications
Our publications, reports and research library hosts over 500 specialist reports and research papers on all topics associated with CCS.
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Scaling up the CCS Market to Deliver Net-Zero Emissions
20th April 2020
Organisation(s): Global CCS Institute
Topic(s): Carbon capture and storage (CCS), CCS facilities, Policy law and regulation
Understanding how the CCS market is likely to develop over the coming years is of interest to a wide range of stakeholders. It can help inform the timing and design of policies introduced by governments, the scale of the market for potential investors, and the challenges associated with meeting long-term climate targets.
This report aims to inform the discussion on these topics by providing an overview of the near-term and longer-term developments in the CCS market.
It reviews the current CCS facility pipeline, and how that could change in the next few years given project lead-in times. It then considers how this compares to projections of the number of CCS facilities needed to meet long-term climate goals. Throughout the report the number of CCS facilities deployed is used as a proxy for the size of the CCS market.
Disclaimer
The content within the Global CCS Institute Publications, Reports and Research Library is provided for information purposes only. We make every effort and take reasonable care to keep the content of this section up-to-date and error-free. However, we make no claim as to its accuracy, currency or reliability.
Content and material featured within this section of our website includes reports and research published by third parties. The content and material may include opinions and recommendations of third parties that do not reflect those held by the Global CCS Institute.
The US Section 45Q Tax Credit for Carbon Oxide Sequestration: An Update
16th April 2020
Organisation(s): Global CCS Institute
Topic(s): Carbon capture use and storage (CCUS), Policy law and regulation
In February 2020, the US Internal Revenue Service published Notice 2020-12 and Revenue Procedure 2020-12, which include updated guidance regarding the Section 45Q Credit. Among other areas, this notice focuses on the eligibility requirements for the date of construction commencement and partnership structures.
Our Washington, DC-based Senior Advisor for Advocacy and Communications, Lee Beck, has prepared an Issue Brief on the latest developments.
Disclaimer
The content within the Global CCS Institute Publications, Reports and Research Library is provided for information purposes only. We make every effort and take reasonable care to keep the content of this section up-to-date and error-free. However, we make no claim as to its accuracy, currency or reliability.
Content and material featured within this section of our website includes reports and research published by third parties. The content and material may include opinions and recommendations of third parties that do not reflect those held by the Global CCS Institute.
Investment in clean energy innovation, including CCS has multiple benefits for society, including supporting economic growth and addressing the externalities created by emissions and climate change. Investment in CCS can preserve and create high-quality jobs and accelerate innovation that can help us mitigate climate change. At the same time, climate change remains one of the most complex challenge the world is facing and the sooner emissions can be reduced, the better the chance of fending off its worst impacts. As such, stimulus funds and measures supporting economies with their Covid-19 recovery should be consistent with long-term climate goals.
Find out more in our new factsheet, and a forthcoming report on the Value of CCS.
Disclaimer
The content within the Global CCS Institute Publications, Reports and Research Library is provided for information purposes only. We make every effort and take reasonable care to keep the content of this section up-to-date and error-free. However, we make no claim as to its accuracy, currency or reliability.
Content and material featured within this section of our website includes reports and research published by third parties. The content and material may include opinions and recommendations of third parties that do not reflect those held by the Global CCS Institute.
Global Status of CCS: Brief for Policymakers
4th March 2020
Organisation(s): Global CCS Institute
Topic(s): Carbon capture and storage (CCS), Policy law and regulation
The Global CCS Institute is pleased to present a Brief for Policymakers: CCS - Targeting Climate Change.
The brief summarizes the key findings of the Institute's latest Global Status of CCS Report which documents a range of important milestones for CCS, its status across the world and the key opportunities and benefits the technology presents.
The Brief includes detailed information on:
- CCS and its role in climate mitigation
- CCS deployment around the world
- the role of policy in large-scale deployment and
- updates on the progress, projects, and policies globally.
We hope you enjoy it, share it with colleagues and look forward to working with you as we accelerate the deployment of carbon capture and storage globally.
Disclaimer
The content within the Global CCS Institute Publications, Reports and Research Library is provided for information purposes only. We make every effort and take reasonable care to keep the content of this section up-to-date and error-free. However, we make no claim as to its accuracy, currency or reliability.
Content and material featured within this section of our website includes reports and research published by third parties. The content and material may include opinions and recommendations of third parties that do not reflect those held by the Global CCS Institute.
The European Green Deal: New opportunities to scale up carbon capture and storage
27th February 2020
Organisation(s): Global CCS Institute
Topic(s): Carbon capture and storage (CCS), Carbon removal, Policy law and regulation
The recent reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), and the Commission vision for a climate neutral Europe , have mobilised support for climate neutrality by 2050 by most EU Member States. Balancing sources and sinks by 2050, and from that point onwards achieving net negative emissions, can only be delivered through a major economy-wide transformation and by substantially stepping up the use of all climate change mitigation and carbon removal technologies. The European Green Deal as the new big European project is an enormous challenge but also an opportunity to lead by example and transform the European economy.
This overview takes a closer look at the European Green Deal with its extensive list of initiatives, and highlights what to watch out for in the coming days, months and years regarding low carbon technologies like carbon capture and storage (CCS). This paper explores how climate targets, governance, just transition, carbon border adjustment, industrial strategy, hydrogen, financing and infrastructure can support CCS technologies. The second part of the paper highlights the three main challenges for CCS in the existing legislation that need to be considered in the upcoming wave of revisions and new initiatives.
It’s a snapshot of where we are as of February 2020, with a list of initiatives and processes to choose from when engaging with policymakers and stakeholders.
This piece was authored by Eve Tamme, Senior Advisor for Climate Change Policy at the Global CCS Institute.
Disclaimer
The content within the Global CCS Institute Publications, Reports and Research Library is provided for information purposes only. We make every effort and take reasonable care to keep the content of this section up-to-date and error-free. However, we make no claim as to its accuracy, currency or reliability.
Content and material featured within this section of our website includes reports and research published by third parties. The content and material may include opinions and recommendations of third parties that do not reflect those held by the Global CCS Institute.
Carbon capture and storage in the USA: the role of US innovation leadership in climate-technology commercialization
16th January 2020
Organisation(s): Global CCS Institute
Topic(s): Carbon capture and storage (CCS), CCS protocol, Innovation, United States
To limit global warming and mitigate climate change, the global economy needs to decarbonize and reduce emissions to net-zero by mid-century. The asymmetries of the global energy system necessitate the deployment of a suite of decarbonization technologies and an all-of-the-above approach to deliver the steep CO2-emissions reductions necessary. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies that capture CO2 from industrial and power-plant point sources as well as the ambient air and store them underground are largely seen as needed to address both the flow of emissions being released and the stock of CO2 already in the atmosphere. Despite the pressing need to commercialize the technologies, their large-scale deployment has been slow.
Initial deployment, however, could lead to near-term cost reduction and technology proliferation, and lowering of the overall system cost of decarbonization. As of November 2019, more than half of global large-scale CCS facilities are in the USA, thanks to a history of sustained government support for the technologies. Recently, the USA has seen a raft of new developments on the policy and project side signaling a reinvigorated push to commercialize the technology. Analysing these recent developents using a policy-priorities framework for CCS commercialization developed by the Global CCS Institute, this paper by Lee Beck, our US-based Senior Advisor for Advocacy and Communications, assesses the USA’s position to lead large-scale deployment of CCS technologies to commercialization. It concludes that the USA is in a prime position due to the political economic characteristics of its energy economy, resource wealth and innovation-driven manufacturing sector.
Disclaimer
The content within the Global CCS Institute Publications, Reports and Research Library is provided for information purposes only. We make every effort and take reasonable care to keep the content of this section up-to-date and error-free. However, we make no claim as to its accuracy, currency or reliability.
Content and material featured within this section of our website includes reports and research published by third parties. The content and material may include opinions and recommendations of third parties that do not reflect those held by the Global CCS Institute.
Global Status of CCS Report: 2019
9th December 2019
Topic(s): Carbon capture and storage (CCS), CO2 hubs, CO2 storage, CO2 transport, Policy law and regulation
The 2019 Global Status of CCS report documents important milestones for CCS over the past 12 months, its status across the world and the key opportunities and benefits the technology presents.
The report provides detailed information on, and analyses of, the global CCS facility pipeline, policy, CO2 storage and the legal and regulatory environment. In addition, four regional updates and a CCS Technology section further demonstrate global development and the versatility of CCS across a variety of applications and industry sectors.
Disclaimer
The content within the Global CCS Institute Publications, Reports and Research Library is provided for information purposes only. We make every effort and take reasonable care to keep the content of this section up-to-date and error-free. However, we make no claim as to its accuracy, currency or reliability.
Content and material featured within this section of our website includes reports and research published by third parties. The content and material may include opinions and recommendations of third parties that do not reflect those held by the Global CCS Institute.
Waste-to-Energy with CCS: A pathway to carbon-negative power generation
14th October 2019
Organisation(s): Global CCS Institute
Topic(s): Carbon capture and storage (CCS), Waste to energy
A growing global population and rising living standards are producing ever greater quantities of municipal solid waste (MSW). This same growth in population and living standards is also driving ever-larger demand for energy, especially electricity.
A key solution to increasing quantities of waste, rising energy demand and methane emissions from MSW is Waste-to-Energy (WtE); the generation of energy – in the form of electricity and heat – from the processing of waste. The addition of carbon capture and storage (CCS) to WtE has the potential to make waste a zero or even negative emissions energy source, depending upon the origin of the wastes utilised.
In our latest Perspective, Senior Consultant - Capture Technology, David T. Kearns, provides an overview of Waste-to-Energy including how it works and its relation to climate change. The Perspective also discusses how the addition of CCS has the potential to make waste a zero, or even negative, emissions energy source.
Lessons and Perceptions: Adopting a Commercial Approach to CCS Liability
14th August 2019
Organisation(s): Global CCS Institute
Topic(s): CCS liability, CCS projects, Liability
Liability has long been raised as a significant barrier to the wide scale deployment of carbon capture and storage (CCS). Despite regulatory developments, the topic of liability continues to be considered by some CCS project developers, policy-makers and regulators as a critical issue and potential ‘show-stopper’ for the technology’s deployment.
This report, through policy and regulatory analysis as well as interviews with policy makers, regulators, lawyers, project proponents and representative from the insurance sector, seeks to challenge these views and make the case for a more commercially-minded view of liability.
The report’s findings reveal that many of the liabilities borne under CCS-specific models are both familiar and eminently manageable. Furthermore, the report demonstrates proposed solutions and examples available in addressing liability for those seeking to invest in or operate CCS projects.
The report also examines the meaning of liability throughout the CCS lifecycle and the unique challenges presented by greenhouse emissions/climate liabilities. The critical role of government and the private sector in allocating and managing risks across the CCS project lifecycle, as well as the essential requirement for further engagement of the insurance sector to assist operators manage liabilities are also topics addressed through this timely report.
The report will be of particular interest to government policy makers, regulatory bodies, CCS project proponents, investors and those in the insurance sector wishing to further understand the topic of liability, the reasons why it is perceived as a barrier to CCS deployment and gain insights into how these barriers have been - and may continue to be - managed and overcome.
ROAD Project – Close out report
23rd July 2019
The ROAD project was one of the leading European CCS Projects from 2010 to 2017. During that time, a great deal of project development and engineering work was completed, including full design and procurement to allow a possible FID at end 2011 or early 2012.
This report gives the overview of all the public “close-out” reports written after the formal decision to terminate the project was made in September 2017. This set of reports is designed to present the knowledge gained and lessons learnt from the ROAD Project in an accessible form. The reports cover technical issues, financial issues, risk management, permitting and regulation. The objective is to give future CCS project developers, knowledge institutes, researchers and other interested parties the maximum opportunity to use the knowledge gained and lessons learnt by the ROAD project team.
You can find all the public reports and specific sections below.
| Report sections | Scope |
| Overview | Introduce and summarise the public close-out reports. |
| Capture and Compression | Technical report covering capture, compression and power plant integration. |
| Transport | Technical report covering CO2 pipeline transport. |
| CO2 Storage | Both technical and commercial aspects of CO2 storage for ROAD. Subsurface work required to demonstrate permanent storage is described. |
| Risk Management | The risk management approach used by ROAD. |
| Permitting and Regulation | Description of the regulatory and permitting framework and process for the ROAD project, including required changes to regulations. |
| Governance and Compliance | Company structure and governance for Maasvlakte CCS Project C.V., the joint venture undertaking the ROAD Project. |
| Project Costs and Funding | A presentation of the projected economics of the project, with both projected income and costs. |
| Finance and Control | Description of the financial and control systems, including the costs incurred and grants claimed. |
| Knowledge Sharing | Outline of the Knowledge Sharing & Dissemination plan as developed by the ROAD project and completed KS deliverables and actions. |
| Public Engagement | Description of how ROAD organized and managed the Public Engagement process. |
Disclaimer
The content within the Global CCS Institute Publications, Reports and Research Library is provided for information purposes only. We make every effort and take reasonable care to keep the content of this section up-to-date and error-free. However, we make no claim as to its accuracy, currency or reliability.
Content and material featured within this section of our website includes reports and research published by third parties. The content and material may include opinions and recommendations of third parties that do not reflect those held by the Global CCS Institute.
The LCFS and CCS Protocol: An Overview for Policymakers and Project Developers
24th May 2019
Organisation(s): Global CCS Institute
Topic(s): Biofuels / Bioenergy, CCS protocol, Policy law and regulation, United States
The Global CCS Institute has launched a report analyzing California’s recently passed carbon capture and storage protocol. The report provides a summary of the regulation for project developers and policymakers in other states and countries, given the Protocol's global applicability. While comparing it to other relevant regulations – including the federal carbon capture tax credit also known as 45Q – the report seeks to raise awareness for the opportunities created through the protocol and to advance deployment opportunities.
The protocol incentivizes carbon capture and storage projects reducing the lifecycle emissions from bioethanol, hydrogen, and crude, provided the fuel is sold into the California market, as well as direct air capture projects globally.
With US CO2 emissions growth outpacing global emissions growth and many Americans already experiencing the impacts of climate change, policy makers in Washington have begun drafting policy statements and principles for comprehensive climate policy. A year after the US passed the most progressive carbon capture and storage incentive policy globally – a tax credit also known as 45Q – lawmakers are also looking to develop further policies to support the large-scale deployment of carbon capture and storage.
To support stakeholders, policy influencers, and lawmakers throughout the process of formulating carbon capture-supportive policies as well as more effectively communicate as advocates, the Global CCS Institute has commissioned a federal policy influencer survey in Washington, DC. The goal is to improve the understanding of support for climate action and carbon emissions reduction technologies such as carbon capture and storage. Polling 100 policy influencers, 50 from the private sector and 50 from the public sector, the survey provides insights into perceptions of the US energy transition, including the role of government, and the understanding of carbon capture technologies.
The results are encouraging: In pursuit of realistic climate solutions, policy influencers seem to have abandoned technology favoritism, an approach that has been strengthened by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s Report on Global Warming of 1.5C released in October 2018. 64 percent of respondents answered that the future of US energy needs to include all forms of clean energy rather than just renewables or fossil fuels. There is also broad agreement among respondents that the US should pursue low-carbon technologies, and that all options must be on the table, albeit clean is the most important energy quality.
Disclaimer
The content within the Global CCS Institute Publications, Reports and Research Library is provided for information purposes only. We make every effort and take reasonable care to keep the content of this section up-to-date and error-free. However, we make no claim as to its accuracy, currency or reliability.
Content and material featured within this section of our website includes reports and research published by third parties. The content and material may include opinions and recommendations of third parties that do not reflect those held by the Global CCS Institute.