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Our publications, reports and research library hosts over 500 specialist reports and research papers on all topics associated with CCS.

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Global Status of CCS Report: 2019
Global Status of CCS Report: 2019

9th December 2019

Topic(s): Carbon capture and storage (CCS), CO2 hubs, CO2 storage, CO2 transport, Policy law and regulation

The 2019 Global Status of CCS report documents important milestones for CCS over the past 12 months, its status across the world and the key opportunities and benefits the technology presents.

The report provides detailed information on, and analyses of, the global CCS facility pipeline, policy, CO2 storage and the legal and regulatory environment. In addition, four regional updates and a CCS Technology section further demonstrate global development and the versatility of CCS across a variety of applications and industry sectors.

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Disclaimer

The content within the Global CCS Institute Publications, Reports and Research Library is provided for information purposes only. We make every effort and take reasonable care to keep the content of this section up-to-date and error-free. However, we make no claim as to its accuracy, currency or reliability.

Content and material featured within this section of our website includes reports and research published by third parties. The content and material may include opinions and recommendations of third parties that do not reflect those held by the Global CCS Institute.

Global Status of CCS Report: 2018
Global Status of CCS Report: 2018

10th December 2018

Organisation(s): Global CCS Institute

Topic(s): Carbon capture and storage (CCS), CCS policy, CO2 hubs, CO2 storage, CO2 transport

The Global Status of CCS Report 2018 documents the status of CCS around the world and significant operational milestones over the past 12 months. It demystifies common misunderstandings about the technology and identifies where and how it can, and must, be more widely deployed. It also tracks the worldwide progress of CCS technologies and the key opportunities and challenges CCS faces.

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Disclaimer

The content within the Global CCS Institute Publications, Reports and Research Library is provided for information purposes only. We make every effort and take reasonable care to keep the content of this section up-to-date and error-free. However, we make no claim as to its accuracy, currency or reliability.

Content and material featured within this section of our website includes reports and research published by third parties. The content and material may include opinions and recommendations of third parties that do not reflect those held by the Global CCS Institute.

GipNet – Baseline environmental data gathering and measurement technology validation for nearshore marine Carbon Storage
GipNet – Baseline environmental data gathering and measurement technology validation for nearshore marine Carbon Storage

22nd August 2016

Topic(s): CO2 storage, CO2 transport

The Global CCS Institute is supporting the CarbonNet Project through the development of a series of knowledge share reports. The CarbonNet Project has completed its feasibility phase investigating the development of a hub-based network that will centre on a large capacity pipeline transporting CO2 to secure subsurface offshore storage sites, in Victoria, Australia. The Project's storage sites, for which permits have been obtained, have the capacity to store up to 5 million tonnes pa over 25 years in the nearshore shallow marine environment of the Gippsland Basin.
The measurement, monitoring, and verification (MMV) of the CO2 plume will be a standard procedure during the operation of any CCS project. Before monitoring of the plume commences, the natural environment prior to injection must be understood. Often this is achieved through baseline monitoring and requires the validation of techniques for the particular context. Baseline monitoring predominantly will focus on establishing what the conditions are like in the storage complex prior to injection. But the monitoring can also extend to measuring the natural variability of CO2 on the surface and near-surface around the storage site and recording the background geological conditions (eg. seismicity). Given the long time frames and normal variation in environmental and operating conditions during the lifespan of a CCS MMV program, it is critical that the technologies selected meet future operating requirements including regulatory requirements and stakeholder expectations.
This report reviews the practicalities of establishing three baseline measurement networks that span different aspects of the Gippsland nearshore environment:
•Seismicity,
•Atmospheric conditions, and
•Seafloor and water column conditions.
These networks will be deployed through the GipNet Program. The purpose of the Program is to validate thresholds for detection in the local environment, i.e. the nearshore shallow marine area in which CarbonNet's storage sites are located. This area is similar in many respects to other prospective storage basins globally. If successful the technologies could be used to undertake pre-injection baseline measurements and may form a component of the MMV program for the CarbonNet Project. The report details a five-year program, including the proposed technologies to be used and outlines the advantages and limitations of each technology. Importantly, the report describes the potential for the technology to determine whether stored CO2 is behaving as expected; this is a critical requirement for stakeholder assurance.

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Disclaimer

The content within the Global CCS Institute Publications, Reports and Research Library is provided for information purposes only. We make every effort and take reasonable care to keep the content of this section up-to-date and error-free. However, we make no claim as to its accuracy, currency or reliability.

Content and material featured within this section of our website includes reports and research published by third parties. The content and material may include opinions and recommendations of third parties that do not reflect those held by the Global CCS Institute.

openCCS: Transport
openCCS: Transport

28th May 2013

Topic(s): Capacity development, Carbon capture use and storage (CCUS), CO2 transport

openCCS is the Global CCS Institute’s project delivery handbook. It has been built to guide you through the key processes and steps needed to deliver each component of an integrated CCS project. It’s a platform for sharing methodologies, best practices and lessons learnt from experience.

The Transport Section of the openCCS handbook contains:

Concept Studies

  • Consider pipeline or other CO2 transport options
  • Consider existing or new transport route
  • Consider single or multi-user transport route
  • Estimate order of magnitude costs of the project (both capital (+/-30-35% accuracy) and operating (+/-15-20% accuracy))

Prefeasibility Studies

  • Consider different transport routes
  • Recommend the preferred transport route and capacity for final study
  • Estimate costs of the project (both capital (+/-20-25% accuracy) and operating (+/-10-15% accuracy))

Feasibility Studies

  • Undertake front end engineering design (FEED) studies, clearly recommending one transport route
  • Estimate costs (both capital (+/-10-15% accuracy) and operating (+/-5-10%; closer to 5% accuracy))
  • Select construction contractor and delivery approach (i.e. EPC)
  • Obtain all required regulatory approvals
  • Make final investment decision for construction of transport facilities

Project Execution

  • Complete the design detail for building the transport asset
  • Build the organisation and systems to manage the transport asset
  • Build the transport asset
    • On time
    • On budget
    • To scope and quality
  • Commission the transport asset to operating state

Asset Operation

  • Operate the transport asset to achieve required performance over asset life
  • Maintain the transport asset to achieve required asset life
  • Modify the transport asset to comply with legislated regulatory changes
  • Modify the transport asset to realise identified opportunities

Asset Decommissioning

  • Operation of asset (i.e. pipeline) ceased
  • Modify the asset (as necessary) to achieve required decommissioned state
    • On time
    • On budget
    • To scope and quality
  • Asset sites decommissioned and rehabilitated to required condition
  • Establish organisation for post-closure stage (as necessary)

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Disclaimer

The content within the Global CCS Institute Publications, Reports and Research Library is provided for information purposes only. We make every effort and take reasonable care to keep the content of this section up-to-date and error-free. However, we make no claim as to its accuracy, currency or reliability.

Content and material featured within this section of our website includes reports and research published by third parties. The content and material may include opinions and recommendations of third parties that do not reflect those held by the Global CCS Institute.

Legislation relating to CO2 transport for storage
Legislation relating to CO2 transport for storage

30th August 2012

Topic(s): Carbon capture use and storage (CCUS), CO2 storage, CO2 transport, Liability, Permitting, Policy law and regulation

Here we consider the legal implications of transporting CO2 across international boundaries, for storage in marine environments, and more specifically, how CO2 transport for storage is dealt with in the European, UK and Canadian contexts.

1. International transboundary transport regulation for CO2 storage
Transport of CO2 is necessary when a suitable storage site is not close to the capture installation. During the transport phase, international law is relevant when CO2 crosses the territory of different states in order to reach the storage site. The Bamako Convention and the Basel Convention address this issue: 

2. CO2 transport for storage and international marine legislation
International marine legislation has an impact upon the legal conditions for development of CCS offshore:

3. European and regional legislation on CO2 transport and storage
In a regional context, such as the European Union, transnational regulation of the transport phase is essential when CO2 is transported across the territory of different Member States in order to reach a storage site. The following legislation covers this:

4. UK laws regulating CO2 transport for storage
In the UK at present no legislation that expressly regulates CO2 transport by pipeline. The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) and the Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC) have suggested CO2 be classified as a 'dangerous substance' or a 'dangerous fluid' and legislated accordingly.

5. Canadian laws regulating CO2 transport for storage
​In Canada, there is no dedicated legislation regarding CO2 pipelines, either at federal or provincial level. Existing CO2 pipelines operate for the purpose of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) or acid gas disposal and are covered by existing pipeline legislation.

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Disclaimer

The content within the Global CCS Institute Publications, Reports and Research Library is provided for information purposes only. We make every effort and take reasonable care to keep the content of this section up-to-date and error-free. However, we make no claim as to its accuracy, currency or reliability.

Content and material featured within this section of our website includes reports and research published by third parties. The content and material may include opinions and recommendations of third parties that do not reflect those held by the Global CCS Institute.

Preliminary feasibility study on CO2 carrier for ship-based CCS
Preliminary feasibility study on CO2 carrier for ship-based CCS

31st October 2011

Topic(s): Carbon capture use and storage (CCUS), CO2 transport

This report from Chiyoda Corporation covers a technical pre-feasibility study of shuttle type CO2 ship transport, the engineering design of ship equipment and injection method suitable for offshore operations, and goes further on to discuss the regulatory considerations for ship-based CO2 transport and injection.

Many regions will be unable to secure suitable onshore CO2 storage and that this will be the major barrier to the deployment of domestic CCS. Shipping CO2 to a suitable offshore site via smaller shuttle tanks could provide an economical alternative to long distance seabed pipeline transportation.

The Project Leader for the study is Professor Masahiko Ozaki, who was the lead author on the IPCC Special Report on CCS -Chapter on CO2 Shipping Transportation.

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Disclaimer

The content within the Global CCS Institute Publications, Reports and Research Library is provided for information purposes only. We make every effort and take reasonable care to keep the content of this section up-to-date and error-free. However, we make no claim as to its accuracy, currency or reliability.

Content and material featured within this section of our website includes reports and research published by third parties. The content and material may include opinions and recommendations of third parties that do not reflect those held by the Global CCS Institute.

GCCSI study: liquid logistics shipping concept. Lessons learned to date
GCCSI study: liquid logistics shipping concept. Lessons learned to date

11th May 2011

Topic(s): Carbon capture use and storage (CCUS), CO2 transport

The Global CCS Institute's Rotterdam 2011 Members' Meeting brought parties together from across Europe and the world to better understand barriers to deployment of CCS, and identify opportunities to overcome these barriers.

During the event, Anthony Veder Vopak gave the following presentation on their liquid logistics shipping concept.

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Disclaimer

The content within the Global CCS Institute Publications, Reports and Research Library is provided for information purposes only. We make every effort and take reasonable care to keep the content of this section up-to-date and error-free. However, we make no claim as to its accuracy, currency or reliability.

Content and material featured within this section of our website includes reports and research published by third parties. The content and material may include opinions and recommendations of third parties that do not reflect those held by the Global CCS Institute.

A policy, legal, and regulatory evaluation of the feasibility of a national pipeline infrastructure for the transport and storage of carbon dioxide
A policy, legal, and regulatory evaluation of the feasibility of a national pipeline infrastructure for the transport and storage of carbon dioxide

31st December 2010

Topic(s): CO2 transport, Policy law and regulation

The report focuses on the transportation of carbon dioxide (CO2) through pipelines from a "source" to a geologic "sink," the possibility of a federal mandate requiring capture and storage of CO2, and provides an overview of carbon capture drivers, the geologic means of storing CO2. It also describes the nature, size, and location of the significant CO2 pipeline system currently operating in the United States. It describes the state and federal regulatory regime, under which the current CO2 pipeline system operates. An analysis is made of the regulation of CO2 pipeline systems under the Interstate Commerce Act and the Natural Gas Act and potential business models for future CO2 pipeline build-out. Potential regulatory models are described and there is discussion of economic issues relative to future construction of CO2 pipelines. Conclusions and recommendations suggest that the market is repsonding to current CO2 pipeline construction demand. Conclusions recommend that future market response to those needs occur with limited federal intervention.

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Disclaimer

The content within the Global CCS Institute Publications, Reports and Research Library is provided for information purposes only. We make every effort and take reasonable care to keep the content of this section up-to-date and error-free. However, we make no claim as to its accuracy, currency or reliability.

Content and material featured within this section of our website includes reports and research published by third parties. The content and material may include opinions and recommendations of third parties that do not reflect those held by the Global CCS Institute.

Developing a pipeline infrastructure for CO2 capture and storage: Issues and challenges
Developing a pipeline infrastructure for CO2 capture and storage: Issues and challenges

1st February 2009

Topic(s): CO2 hubs, CO2 transport

The study forecasts that the amount of pipeline that will be needed to transport CO2 will be between 15,000 miles and 66,000 miles by 2030, depending on how much CO2 must be sequestered and the degree to which enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is involved. The upper end of the forecast range is of the same order of magnitude as the miles of existing U.S. crude oil pipelines and products pipelines. While there are no significant barriers to building the forecasted pipeline mileage, the major challenges to implementing CCS are in public policy and regulation. Because a CCS industry can evolve in several ways, public policy decisions must address key questions about industry structure, government support of early development, regulatory models, and operating rules. Such issues must be resolved before necessary investments in a CCS pipeline system can be made.

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Disclaimer

The content within the Global CCS Institute Publications, Reports and Research Library is provided for information purposes only. We make every effort and take reasonable care to keep the content of this section up-to-date and error-free. However, we make no claim as to its accuracy, currency or reliability.

Content and material featured within this section of our website includes reports and research published by third parties. The content and material may include opinions and recommendations of third parties that do not reflect those held by the Global CCS Institute.

Development of a guideline for safe, reliable and cost effective transmission of CO2 in pipelines
Development of a guideline for safe, reliable and cost effective transmission of CO2 in pipelines

1st January 2009

Topic(s): CO2 hubs, CO2 transport

During the last decades significant effort has been put into research on the social, economical, political and technical issues related to large scale deployment of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS). A complete CCS cycle requires safe, reliable and cost efficient solutions for transmission of CO2 from the capturing facility to the location of permanent storage. The current initiative originates from DNV’s long engagement in developing standards and guidelines for offshore pipelines and an identified need to specifically address the technical challenges related to transmission of CO2 with associated contaminants. The guideline will be based on a comprehensive literature review and gathering of experience from existing (both onshore and offshore) CO2 pipeline operators. Available pipeline codes, standards, guidelines and regulations combined with the latest available research and technical developments is set as the point of departure for this guideline development. Issues related to pipeline design, commissioning and operation as well as re-qualification/conversion of existing pipelines for transmission of CO2 will be addressed. The guideline is being developed as a joint industry project and is scheduled for delivery by end of July 2009. After completion of the JIP, the guideline will be converted into a public available Recommended Practice (RP) by Det Norske Veritas (DNV). The guideline will give “how to?” answers for safe, reliable and cost-effective transmission of CO2 in pipelines. This paper addresses main technical issues one need to manage.

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Disclaimer

The content within the Global CCS Institute Publications, Reports and Research Library is provided for information purposes only. We make every effort and take reasonable care to keep the content of this section up-to-date and error-free. However, we make no claim as to its accuracy, currency or reliability.

Content and material featured within this section of our website includes reports and research published by third parties. The content and material may include opinions and recommendations of third parties that do not reflect those held by the Global CCS Institute.

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